El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) neutral conditions emerged last month, and there is an 80% chance they will continue from April to June as La Niña transitions toward El Niño, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said on Thursday.

The U.S. weather forecaster added that El Niño has a 61% chance of developing between May and June 2026 and is expected to persist through at least the end of 2026.

“El Niño is likely because of increasing subsurface temperature anomalies and recent westerly wind anomalies over the western Pacific Ocean,” the CPC added.

El Niño is a warming of the ocean surface, or above-average sea surface temperatures, in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

El Niño results in unusually warm sea temperatures, increasing the chances of floods and drought, which can impact crops. When ENSO is neutral, water temperatures stay near average, leading to more stable weather and potentially better crop yields.

Donald Keeney, agricultural meteorologist at Vaisala Weather, said a strong El Niño is possible, resulting in cooler and wetter conditions in the Midwest this summer, which would be favorable for corn and soybeans.

“It would also equate to wetter conditions in southern Brazil and Argentina, which would be favorable for corn and soybeans there next season,” Keeney said.

“Indonesia should be drier than usual as El Niño develops. Also, a cooling of water temperatures off western Indonesia, in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean, will contribute to drier conditions this spring and summer,” said Jason Nicholls, lead international forecaster at AccuWeather.

India is expected to receive below-normal monsoon rainfall in 2026, private weather forecaster Skymet said on Tuesday, citing El Niño-driven declines in precipitation in the latter half of the June–September rainy season.

Sucafina’s weather strategist, Greg Oddo, said that a potential impact from unfavorable weather on tropical crops such as coffee and cocoa is likely in the first quarter of 2027.

(Reporting by Sarah Qureshi; Editing by Jan Harvey)